"Therefore leaving the principles of the doctrine of Christ, let us go on unto perfection; not laying again the foundation of repentance from dead works, and of faith toward God, Of the doctrine of baptisms, and of laying on of hands, and of resurrection of the dead, and of eternal judgment."
— Hebrews 6:1-2
1. Repentance from Dead Works
Meaning
Repentance is a change of mind and heart that turns us away from "dead works" (sinful / lifeless deeds) and toward obedience to God. Scripture repeatedly stresses the need for all people to repent.
Example: Paul preached that God "now commandeth all men every where to repent." Jesus likewise warned, "except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish" (Luke 13:5).[1]
Turning from "Dead Works"
- Hebrews 9:14 — Christ's blood "purges your conscience from dead works to serve the living God" (obedience). [2]
- Romans 6:1-2 — "How shall we, that are dead to sin, live any longer therein?" [3]
True repentance abandons sinful "dead" behaviors and embraces a new life.
Biblical Calls to Repent
- Acts 17:30 — God "commandeth all men every where to repent." [4]
- 2 Peter 3:9 — God is "not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance." [5]
- Acts 11:18 — "Then hath God also to the Gentiles granted repentance unto life." [6]
Repentance always aims at life—separating us from dead works so we can receive salvation.
Godly Sorrow and True Repentance
- 2 Corinthians 7:10 — "Godly sorrow worketh repentance to salvation." [7]
- Job 42:6 — Job "repented in dust and ashes." [8]
- Luke 15:17-21 — The prodigal son returned confessing his sins. [9]
Authentic repentance, prompted by godly sorrow, is the first foundation of Christian doctrine.
Primary references: Hebrews 9:14;[2:1] Acts 17:30;[4:1] Luke 13:3-5;[1:1] 2 Peter 3:9;[5:1] 2 Corinthians 7:10[7:1]
Supporting examples: Job 42:6;[8:1] Acts 11:18;[6:1] Luke 15:17-21[9:1]
2. Faith Toward God
Definition
After repentance, a believer must exercise faith toward God—an active trust in His character and promises. As opposed to dead works, a living faith is marked by obedience to God.
- Hebrews 11:1 — "Faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen." [10]
- Hebrews 11:6 — "Without faith it is impossible to please [God]." [11]
Faith for Salvation
- Ephesians 2:8-9 — "By grace are ye saved through faith." [12]
- Acts 20:21 — "Repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ." [13]
- Acts 16:31 — "Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved." [14]
Examples of Faith
- Romans 4:20-22 — Abraham "was strong in faith." [15]
- Mark 11:22 — Jesus: "Have faith in God." [16]
- John 3:16 / John 6:47 — Belief in Christ brings eternal life.[17][18]
Faith vs. Dead Works
- 1 Thessalonians 1:9 — They "turned to God from idols." [19]
- Galatians 2:16 — "Not justified by works… but by the faith of Jesus Christ." [20]
Faith relies on God, not on our own works. Obedience is God's command, not an outworking of our own efforts. Disobedience is our efforts apart from God.
Primary references: Hebrews 11:6;[11:1] Acts 20:21;[13:1] Mark 11:22;[16:1] John 3:16;[17:1] Romans 4:20-22[15:1]
Supporting: Habakkuk 2:4;[21] Ephesians 2:8-9;[12:1] Acts 16:31;[14:1] 1 Thessalonians 1:9[19:1]
3. The Doctrine of Baptisms
Hebrews 6:2 mentions "baptisms" (plural), highlighting two foundational baptisms.
• Baptism in Water
- Acts 2:38 — "Repent, and be baptized… for the remission of sins." [22]
- Acts 22:16 — "Be baptized, and wash away thy sins." [23]
- Romans 6:3-4 — Buried and raised with Christ. [24]
- Matthew 28:19 — The Great Commission. [25]
- Mark 16:16 — "He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved." [26]
• Baptism in the Holy Spirit
- Mark 1:8 / Acts 1:5 — Christ baptizes with the Holy Ghost. [27][28]
- Acts 2:4 — Fulfillment at Pentecost. [29]
- 1 Corinthians 12:13 — "By one Spirit are we all baptized into one body." [30]
- Luke 24:49; Acts 1:8 — The promised empowerment. [31][32]
Additional Insights
- 1 Peter 3:20-21 — Noah's flood prefigures baptism. [33]
- 1 Corinthians 10:1-2 — Israel "baptized into Moses." [34]
Primary references: Matthew 28:19;[25:1] Acts 2:38;[22:1] Romans 6:3-4;[24:1] Mark 1:8;[27:1] Acts 1:5;[28:1] 1 Corinthians 12:13[30:1]
Supporting: Acts 8:14-17;[35] Acts 10:47-48;[36] 1 Peter 3:20-21;[33:1] Matthew 3:15-16[37]
4. Laying On of Hands
A foundational practice symbolizing impartation.
• Imparting the Holy Spirit
- Acts 8:17 — Samaritans receive the Spirit. [35:1]
- Acts 19:6 — Disciples in Ephesus filled. [38]
- Acts 9:17 — Paul receives the Spirit via Ananias. [39]
• Healing and Blessing
- Mark 16:18 — Believers "lay hands on the sick." [40]
- Acts 28:8 — Paul heals by laying on hands. [41]
- Mark 10:16 — Jesus blesses children. [42]
• Ordination and Commissioning
- Acts 6:6 — Seven servants appointed. [43]
- Acts 13:3 — Paul & Barnabas commissioned. [44]
- 1 Timothy 4:14 / 2 Timothy 1:6 — Timothy's gift via laying on hands. [45][46]
- 1 Timothy 5:22 — "Lay hands suddenly on no man." [47]
Primary references: Acts 8:17;[35:2] Acts 19:6;[38:1] Mark 16:18;[40:1] 1 Timothy 5:22[47:1]
Supporting: Acts 13:3;[44:1] 1 Timothy 4:14;[45:1] Acts 9:17[39:1]
5. Resurrection of the Dead
A core Christian hope: all will rise—the righteous to eternal life, the wicked to eternal judgment.
Resurrection of the Righteous
- John 5:28-29 — Resurrection of life/damnation. [48]
- Daniel 12:2 — Old Testament promise. [49]
- Job 19:25-27 — Job's hope. [50]
- 1 Corinthians 15:20, 51-53, 55 — Christ the firstfruits; our change. [51]
- 1 Thessalonians 4:16 — Dead in Christ rise first. [52]
- Hebrews 11:35 — "Better resurrection." [53]
Resurrection of the Unjust & Final Judgment
- Acts 24:15 — Resurrection of just and unjust. [54]
- Revelation 20:5-6 — First resurrection vs. second death. [55]
- Isaiah 26:19; Jeremiah 31:17 — Prophetic hope. [56][57]
Primary references: John 5:28-29;[48:1] Acts 24:15;[54:1] 1 Corinthians 15:12-23, 51-54;[51:1] 1 Thessalonians 4:16[52:1]
Supporting: Daniel 12:2;[49:1] Job 19:25-27;[50:1] Hebrews 11:35;[53:1] John 11:25[58]
6. Eternal Judgment
God's final, everlasting judgment of all humanity.
The Reality of Judgment
- Hebrews 9:27 — Death, then judgment. [59]
- 2 Corinthians 5:10 — All before Christ's seat. [60]
- Acts 17:31 — Fixed day of judgment. [61]
- Matthew 25:31-46 — Sheep & goats; eternal destinies. [62]
Judgment Beginning at God's House
- 1 Peter 4:17 — Judgment starts with God's people. [63]
- Hebrews 10:26-27 — Warning against willful sin. [64]
The Great Judgment to Come
- Revelation 20:11-15 — Great white throne. [65]
- Mark 9:47-48 — Unquenchable fire. [66]
- Romans 2:5-10 — God renders to every man. [67]
Living in Light of Judgment
- 2 Corinthians 5:11 — "Knowing the terror of the Lord, we persuade men." [68]
- Acts 10:42; 2 Timothy 4:1 — Christ, judge of living and dead. [69][70]
Primary references: Hebrews 9:27;[59:1] 2 Corinthians 5:10;[60:1] Matthew 25:31-46;[62:1] Revelation 20:11-15[65:1]
Supporting: 1 Peter 4:17;[63:1] Hebrews 10:26-27;[64:1] Romans 2:5-10;[67:1] Mark 9:47-48[66:1]
Each of these six foundational doctrines—repentance, faith, baptisms, laying on of hands, resurrection, and eternal judgment—forms "the first principles of the oracles of God." With this foundation, believers are prepared to "go on unto perfection" (Hebrews 6:3).[71]
FOOTNOTES
Luke 13:3-5 — "I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish. Or those eighteen, upon whom the tower in Siloam fell, and slew them, think ye that they were sinners above all men that dwelt in Jerusalem? I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish." ↩︎ ↩︎
Hebrews 9:14 — "How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?" ↩︎ ↩︎
Romans 6:1-2 — "What shall we say then? Shall we continue in sin, that grace may abound? God forbid. How shall we, that are dead to sin, live any longer therein?" ↩︎
Acts 17:30 — "And the times of this ignorance God winked at; but now commandeth all men every where to repent:" ↩︎ ↩︎
2 Peter 3:9 — "The Lord is not slack concerning his promise, as some men count slackness; but is longsuffering to us-ward, not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance." ↩︎ ↩︎
Acts 11:18 — "When they heard these things, they held their peace, and glorified God, saying, Then hath God also to the Gentiles granted repentance unto life." ↩︎ ↩︎
2 Corinthians 7:10 — "For godly sorrow worketh repentance to salvation not to be repented of: but the sorrow of the world worketh death." ↩︎ ↩︎
Job 42:6 — "Wherefore I abhor myself, and repent in dust and ashes." ↩︎ ↩︎
Luke 15:17-21 — "And when he came to himself, he said, How many hired servants of my father's have bread enough and to spare, and I perish with hunger! I will arise and go to my father, and will say unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and before thee, And am no more worthy to be called thy son: make me as one of thy hired servants. And he arose, and came to his father. But when he was yet a great way off, his father saw him, and had compassion, and ran, and fell on his neck, and kissed him. And the son said unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and in thy sight, and am no more worthy to be called thy son." ↩︎ ↩︎
Hebrews 11:1 — "Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen." ↩︎
Hebrews 11:6 — "But without faith it is impossible to please him: for he that cometh to God must believe that he is, and that he is a rewarder of them that diligently seek him." ↩︎ ↩︎
Ephesians 2:8-9 — "For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God: Not of works, lest any man should boast." ↩︎ ↩︎
Acts 20:21 — "Testifying both to the Jews, and also to the Greeks, repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ." ↩︎ ↩︎
Acts 16:31 — "And they said, Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved, and thy house." ↩︎ ↩︎
Romans 4:20-22 — "He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief; but was strong in faith, giving glory to God; And being fully persuaded that, what he had promised, he was able also to perform. And therefore it was imputed to him for righteousness." ↩︎ ↩︎
Mark 11:22 — "And Jesus answering saith unto them, Have faith in God." ↩︎ ↩︎
John 3:16 — "For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life." ↩︎ ↩︎
John 6:47 — "Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that believeth on me hath everlasting life." ↩︎
1 Thessalonians 1:9 — "For they themselves shew of us what manner of entering in we had unto you, and how ye turned to God from idols to serve the living and true God;" ↩︎ ↩︎
Galatians 2:16 — "Knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the law, but by the faith of Jesus Christ, even we have believed in Jesus Christ, that we might be justified by the faith of Christ, and not by the works of the law: for by the works of the law shall no flesh be justified." ↩︎
Habakkuk 2:4 — "Behold, his soul which is lifted up is not upright in him: but the just shall live by his faith." ↩︎
Acts 2:38 — "Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost." ↩︎ ↩︎
Acts 22:16 — "And now why tarriest thou? arise, and be baptized, and wash away thy sins, calling on the name of the Lord." ↩︎
Romans 6:3-4 — "Know ye not, that so many of us as were baptized into Jesus Christ were baptized into his death? Therefore we are buried with him by baptism into death: that like as Christ was raised up from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life." ↩︎ ↩︎
Matthew 28:19 — "Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost:" ↩︎ ↩︎
Mark 16:16 — "He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved; but he that believeth not shall be damned." ↩︎
Mark 1:8 — "I indeed have baptized you with water: but he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost." ↩︎ ↩︎
Acts 1:5 — "For John truly baptized with water; but ye shall be baptized with the Holy Ghost not many days hence." ↩︎ ↩︎
Acts 2:4 — "And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance." ↩︎
1 Corinthians 12:13 — "For by one Spirit are we all baptized into one body, whether we be Jews or Gentiles, whether we be bond or free; and have been all made to drink into one Spirit." ↩︎ ↩︎
Luke 24:49 — "And, behold, I send the promise of my Father upon you: but tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye be endued with power from on high." ↩︎
Acts 1:8 — "But ye shall receive power, after that the Holy Ghost is come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and in all Judaea, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of the earth." ↩︎
1 Peter 3:20-21 — "Which sometime were disobedient, when once the longsuffering of God waited in the days of Noah, while the ark was a preparing, wherein few, that is, eight souls were saved by water. The like figure whereunto even baptism doth also now save us (not the putting away of the filth of the flesh, but the answer of a good conscience toward God,) by the resurrection of Jesus Christ:" ↩︎ ↩︎
1 Corinthians 10:1-2 — "Moreover, brethren, I would not that ye should be ignorant, how that all our fathers were under the cloud, and all passed through the sea; And were all baptized unto Moses in the cloud and in the sea;" ↩︎
Acts 8:14-17 — "Now when the apostles which were at Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the word of God, they sent unto them Peter and John: Who, when they were come down, prayed for them, that they might receive the Holy Ghost: (For as yet he was fallen upon none of them: only they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.) Then laid they their hands on them, and they received the Holy Ghost." ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎
Acts 10:47-48 — "Can any man forbid water, that these should not be baptized, which have received the Holy Ghost as well as we? And he commanded them to be baptized in the name of the Lord. Then prayed they him to tarry certain days." ↩︎
Matthew 3:15-16 — "And Jesus answering said unto him, Suffer it to be so now: for thus it becometh us to fulfil all righteousness. Then he suffered him. And Jesus, when he was baptized, went up straightway out of the water: and, lo, the heavens were opened unto him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and lighting upon him:" ↩︎
Acts 19:6 — "And when Paul had laid his hands upon them, the Holy Ghost came on them; and they spake with tongues, and prophesied." ↩︎ ↩︎
Acts 9:17 — "And Ananias went his way, and entered into the house; and putting his hands on him said, Brother Saul, the Lord, even Jesus, that appeared unto thee in the way as thou camest, hath sent me, that thou mightest receive thy sight, and be filled with the Holy Ghost." ↩︎ ↩︎
Mark 16:18 — "They shall take up serpents; and if they drink any deadly thing, it shall not hurt them; they shall lay hands on the sick, and they shall recover." ↩︎ ↩︎
Acts 28:8 — "And it came to pass, that the father of Publius lay sick of a fever and of a bloody flux: to whom Paul entered in, and prayed, and laid his hands on him, and healed him." ↩︎
Mark 10:16 — "And he took them up in his arms, put his hands upon them, and blessed them." ↩︎
Acts 6:6 — "Whom they set before the apostles: and when they had prayed, they laid their hands on them." ↩︎
Acts 13:3 — "And when they had fasted and prayed, and laid their hands on them, they sent them away." ↩︎ ↩︎
1 Timothy 4:14 — "Neglect not the gift that is in thee, which was given thee by prophecy, with the laying on of the hands of the presbytery." ↩︎ ↩︎
2 Timothy 1:6 — "Wherefore I put thee in remembrance that thou stir up the gift of God, which is in thee by the putting on of my hands." ↩︎
1 Timothy 5:22 — "Lay hands suddenly on no man, neither be partaker of other men's sins: keep thyself pure." ↩︎ ↩︎
John 5:28-29 — "Marvel not at this: for the hour is coming, in the which all that are in the graves shall hear his voice, And shall come forth; they that have done good, unto the resurrection of life; and they that have done evil, unto the resurrection of damnation." ↩︎ ↩︎
Daniel 12:2 — "And many of them that sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt." ↩︎ ↩︎
Job 19:25-27 — "For I know that my redeemer liveth, and that he shall stand at the latter day upon the earth: And though after my skin worms destroy this body, yet in my flesh shall I see God: Whom I shall see for myself, and mine eyes shall behold, and not another; though my reins be consumed within me." ↩︎ ↩︎
1 Corinthians 15:20, 51-53, 55 — "But now is Christ risen from the dead, and become the firstfruits of them that slept. Behold, I shew you a mystery; We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, In a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump: for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed. For this corruptible must put on incorruption, and this mortal must put on immortality. O death, where is thy sting? O grave, where is thy victory?" ↩︎ ↩︎
1 Thessalonians 4:16 — "For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first:" ↩︎ ↩︎
Hebrews 11:35 — "Women received their dead raised to life again: and others were tortured, not accepting deliverance; that they might obtain a better resurrection:" ↩︎ ↩︎
Acts 24:15 — "And have hope toward God, which they themselves also allow, that there shall be a resurrection of the dead, both of the just and unjust." ↩︎ ↩︎
Revelation 20:5-6 — "But the rest of the dead lived not again until the thousand years were finished. This is the first resurrection. Blessed and holy is he that hath part in the first resurrection: on such the second death hath no power, but they shall be priests of God and of Christ, and shall reign with him a thousand years." ↩︎
Isaiah 26:19 — "Thy dead men shall live, together with my dead body shall they arise. Awake and sing, ye that dwell in dust: for thy dew is as the dew of herbs, and the earth shall cast out the dead." ↩︎
Jeremiah 31:17 — "And there is hope in thine end, saith the Lord, that thy children shall come again to their own border." ↩︎
John 11:25 — "Jesus said unto her, I am the resurrection, and the life: he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live:" ↩︎
Hebrews 9:27 — "And as it is appointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgment:" ↩︎ ↩︎
2 Corinthians 5:10 — "For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ; that every one may receive the things done in his body, according to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad." ↩︎ ↩︎
Acts 17:31 — "Because he hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the world in righteousness by that man whom he hath ordained; whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead." ↩︎
Matthew 25:31-46 — "When the Son of man shall come in his glory, and all the holy angels with him, then shall he sit upon the throne of his glory: And before him shall be gathered all nations: and he shall separate them one from another, as a shepherd divideth his sheep from the goats: And he shall set the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on the left. Then shall the King say unto them on his right hand, Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world: For I was an hungred, and ye gave me meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me drink: I was a stranger, and ye took me in: Naked, and ye clothed me: I was sick, and ye visited me: I was in prison, and ye came unto me. Then shall the righteous answer him, saying, Lord, when saw we thee an hungred, and fed thee? or thirsty, and gave thee drink? When saw we thee a stranger, and took thee in? or naked, and clothed thee? Or when saw we thee sick, or in prison, and came unto thee? And the King shall answer and say unto them, Verily I say unto you, Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these my brethren, ye have done it unto me. Then shall he say also unto them on the left hand, Depart from me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels: For I was an hungred, and ye gave me no meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me no drink: I was a stranger, and ye took me not in: naked, and ye clothed me not: sick, and in prison, and ye visited me not. Then shall they also answer him, saying, Lord, when saw we thee an hungred, or athirst, or a stranger, or naked, or sick, or in prison, and did not minister unto thee? Then shall he answer them, saying, Verily I say unto you, Inasmuch as ye did it not to one of the least of these, ye did it not to me. And these shall go away into everlasting punishment: but the righteous into life eternal." ↩︎ ↩︎
1 Peter 4:17 — "For the time is come that judgment must begin at the house of God: and if it first begin at us, what shall the end be of them that obey not the gospel of God?" ↩︎ ↩︎
Hebrews 10:26-27 — "For if we sin wilfully after that we have received the knowledge of the truth, there remaineth no more sacrifice for sins, But a certain fearful looking for of judgment and fiery indignation, which shall devour the adversaries." ↩︎ ↩︎
Revelation 20:11-15 — "And I saw a great white throne, and him that sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away; and there was found no place for them. And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God; and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of those things which were written in the books, according to their works. And the sea gave up the dead which were in it; and death and hell delivered up the dead which were in them: and they were judged every man according to their works. And death and hell were cast into the lake of fire. This is the second death. And whosoever was not found written in the book of life was cast into the lake of fire." ↩︎ ↩︎
Mark 9:47-48 — "And if thine eye offend thee, pluck it out: it is better for thee to enter into the kingdom of God with one eye, than having two eyes to be cast into hell fire: Where their worm dieth not, and the fire is not quenched." ↩︎ ↩︎
Romans 2:5-10 — "But after thy hardness and impenitent heart treasurest up unto thyself wrath against the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God; Who will render to every man according to his deeds: To them who by patient continuance in well doing seek for glory and honour and immortality, eternal life: But unto them that are contentious, and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness, indignation and wrath, Tribulation and anguish, upon every soul of man that doeth evil, of the Jew first, and also of the Gentile; But glory, honour, and peace, to every man that worketh good, to the Jew first, and also to the Gentile:" ↩︎ ↩︎
2 Corinthians 5:11 — "Knowing therefore the terror of the Lord, we persuade men; but we are made manifest unto God; and I trust also are made manifest in your consciences." ↩︎
Acts 10:42 — "And he commanded us to preach unto the people, and to testify that it is he which was ordained of God to be the Judge of quick and dead." ↩︎
2 Timothy 4:1 — "I charge thee therefore before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, who shall judge the quick and the dead at his appearing and his kingdom;" ↩︎
Hebrews 6:3 — "And this will we do, if God permit." ↩︎